Green Energy Tax Incentives

This blog post has been researched, edited, and approved by John Hanning and Brian Wages. Join our newsletter below.

Constructing and putting in place green energy systems in new and remodeled business and residential buildings can help the environment while also cutting energy bills. Many companies and contracting firms globally are cooperating to concentrate efforts to diminish the effects of climate change and shrink carbon emissions from power use in homes. The federal administration gives tax credits to motivate contractors to add more energy efficient equipment in their building projects.


What is the 45L Tax Credit for Residential Homes?

This green energy tax credit is a federal tax incentive that helps promote and encourage the building of energy-efficient residential buildings. The tax credit offers a $2,000 tax credit per eligible dwelling. This credit is available to builders and developers who construct residential homes that they intend to sell or lease.


The 45L tax credit was extended through December 31, 2021 and approved through tax legislation developed for COVID-19 relief efforts. The credit can be claimed by contractors retroactively for all eligible homes and apartment buildings within open tax years, and the credit can be carried forward for up to 20 years.


In order to be eligible for the 45L tax credit, the units or homes built will need to be sold in an open tax year, generally within the last 3 years. Additional criteria the properties must meet include:


  • Units can be no taller than three stories above grade
  • Units must consume 50% less energy in single and multi-family homes while offering the same heating and cooling functions as non-energy efficient homes and apartment buildings
  • Energy usage in manufactured homes needs to be reduced by 30%
  • Each new construction or remodeled building can qualify if they pass an energy audit and obtain a certification of energy efficiency


Investment Tax Credit (ITC)

The ITC now offers a base credit rate of 6% which can be increased to 30% if the project meets prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements. It covers solar developments, energy storage, biogas, and other renewable energy technologies. The Inflation Reduction Act extended the ITC through 2032.


Production Tax Credit (PTC)

The PTC offers a credit up to 2.75 cents per kilowatt-hour for electricity generated from wind, closed-loop biomass, and geothermal resources. Projects meeting labor standards can qualify for the full credit amount. The PTC is available for facilities placed in service after December 31, 2021 through 2032.


Residential Clean Energy Credit

Homeowners can claim a 30% tax credit for installing solar photovoltaics and other renewable energy systems on their property from 2022 through 2032. The percentage phases down to 26% in 2033 and 22% in 2034.


Direct Pay and Transferability

The Inflation Reduction Act allows direct pay and transferability options for certain tax credits. This allows more organizations, including non-taxable entities, to utilize clean energy incentives effectively.


These updates are based on the landmark Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 which significantly boosted clean energy tax incentives in the United States. Be sure to consult a tax professional for personalized advice, as tax laws can be complex.



179D Tax Deduction for Commercial Buildings

 

The 179D tax deduction helps incentivize green energy efforts in commercial building owners, architects, contractors, and designers for installing energy-efficient systems in buildings. The energy-efficient systems include eligible lighting fixtures, HVAC systems, and various envelope building improvements to doors, walls, and roofs. Owners can claim up to $1.80 per square foot for newly constructed buildings or renovated and improved buildings.

 

Taxpayers must meet certain qualifications to meet or exceed at last 50% savings in energy costs compared to a standard baseline building. If the building does not meet the requirements, qualified owners can still receive partial tax provisions such as up to $0.60 for HVAC that meets up to 15% savings, lighting meeting up to 25% savings, and building envelope systems that meet up to 10% savings.

 

The eligibility is determined through an evaluation by a detailed engineering analysis to ensure the qualifications for energy savings are met.

 

These tax deductions help promote taxpayers to construct or renovate energy-efficient buildings and residential homes to reduce energy and power costs that reduce the impact on climate change and help save owners money.


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Georgia R&D Credit Withholding Election Deadline Extended from 30 Days to 3 Years
November 3, 2025
Key Takeaways Georgia extended the withholding election deadline from 30 days to 3 years - Businesses now have significantly more time to file This impacts the R&D credit withholding benefit - Companies can use excess credits against payroll taxes The change applies to all qualified research expenses - Manufacturing and tech companies benefit most Businesses can claim 10% credit on qualified R&D spending - Above the base amount calculation Credits can offset up to 50% of income tax liability - After all other credits applied Unused credits carry forward for 10 years - Creating long-term value for businesses Georgia businesses conducting research and development activities just gained significant flexibility. The state extended the deadline for withholding elections from 30 days to three years. This change makes it easier for companies to use R&D credits against payroll taxes. Previously, businesses had to act within 30 days after filing their returns. Why This Change Matters for Georgia Businesses The deadline extension removes a major barrier for companies. Many businesses discovered they qualified for R&D credits months after filing their returns. The old 30-day rule meant they lost valuable withholding benefits. The R&D credit provides substantial value: Credit rate of 10% - Applied to qualified research expenses above base amount Income tax offset up to 50% - After other credits are used first Payroll withholding benefits - For excess credits not used on income tax Manufacturing companies see $195,000 average credits - Based on qualifying activities The withholding election converts deferred income tax benefits into immediate cash flow. This helps startups and growing companies with limited tax liability. Companies qualify when they spend money developing new products. Activities include improving functionality and eliminating technical uncertainty. Who Benefits Most from This Change? Several types of businesses gain the most advantage from this extension: Primary beneficiaries include: Manufacturing companies - Developing new processes or products Technology firms - Creating software and improving systems Biotech companies - Conducting research and experimentation Engineering firms - Testing new designs and methods The change helps businesses that discover R&D opportunities during audits. Tax professionals often identify qualifying activities during reviews. The three-year window allows retroactive planning. This flexibility creates better cash flow management for growing companies. How the Georgia R&D Credit Works Georgia's R&D credit mirrors the federal program with state-specific benefits. Businesses calculate credits based on increased qualified research expenses. The calculation process involves: Determine base amount - Using prior three years of expenses and income Calculate current year qualified expenses - Include wages, supplies, contractors Apply 10% credit rate - To expenses exceeding base amount  File Form IT-RD - With Georgia income tax return
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